Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog siv kom tau alkyl fluorides los ntawm alkyl chlorides lossis alkyl bromides… Lub Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov yooj yim heev - cov hlau fluorine daim ntawv cog lus tau tawg thiab daim ntawv cog lus tshiab yog tsim los ntawm carbon thiab fluorine. Cov tshuaj chlorine los yog bromine atoms tam sim no tau txais kev pab nrog cov hlau.
Swartz tshuaj tiv thaiv piv txwv yog dab tsi?
Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog siv kom tau alkyl fluorides los ntawm alkyl chlorides lossis alkyl bromides. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm cua sov ntawm alkyl chloride / bromide nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm fluoride ntawm ib co hnyav hlau (piv txwv li nyiaj fluoride los yog mercurous fluoride).
Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog Piv txwv Chav 12 yog dab tsi?
Alkyl fluorides yog npaj los ntawm cua sov alkyl bromide los yog chloride nyob rau hauv muaj hlau fluoride xws li $AgF, Sb{F_3}$ los yog $H{g_2}{F_2}. $. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no hu ua Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. $C{H_3}Br + AgF \to C{H_3}F + AgBr$ yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm Swarts tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Dab tsi yog Swarts thiab Finkelstein cov tshuaj tiv thaiv?
Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hloov alkyl chlorides / alkyl bromides rau alkyl fluorides. Finkelstein cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog siv los hloov cov alkyl chlorides / alkyl bromides rau alkyl iodides.
Qhov txawv ntawm Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab Finkelstein cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog dab tsi?
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm Finkelstein thiab Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov cov khoom kawg ntawm Finkelstein cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog alkyl iodide whereas kawg cov khoom ntawm Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog alkyl fluoride… Cov reactants rau Swarts cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog alkyl chloride lossis alkyl bromide nrog rau cov tshuaj fluorinating xws li antimony fluoride.
