Hlau muaj cov qauv loj heev ntawm cov atoms teem rau hauv cov qauv tsis tu ncua. Cov electrons los ntawm cov plhaub sab nraud ntawm cov hlau atoms yog delocalised, thiab muaj kev ywj pheej txav mus los ntawm tag nrho cov qauv. Qhov kev sib koom ntawm delocalised electrons no ua rau muaj zog hlau sib txuas hlau hlau sib txuas hlau hlau muaj zog, yog li cov hlau tuaj yeem tuav cov qauv tsis tu ncua thiab feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus kub thiab kub. Cov hlau yog cov khoom zoo ntawm hluav taws xob thiab cua sov. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov delocalised electrons tuaj yeem txav mus thoob plaws hauv cov hlau. https://www.bbc.co.uk › bitesize › guides › revision
BBC Bitesize - Hlau sib txuas thiab qauv
Yuav ua li cas electrons yog Delocalised nyob rau hauv ib tug hlau?
Cov electrons sab nraud tau dhau los ua delocalised hla tag nrho cov qauv hlau. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv tsis txuas rau ib qho atom lossis khub ntawm atoms, tab sis tuaj yeem xav txog kev txav mus los ntawm txhua tus qauv. Yog li txhua lub atom sab nrauv electrons koom nrog hauv qhov kev txiav txim siab no lossis dej hiav txwv ntawm electrons.
Yuav ua li cas cov tshuaj muaj Delocalised electrons?
Hauv cov hlau (cov khoom loj lossis nano-loj) xws li nyiaj, kub, lossis tooj liab, cov hlau atoms zoo (ions) yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj khov uas nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm delocalized electrons. Cov electrons no muaj kev ywj pheej txav mus rau hauv cov hlau thiab tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem txav mus rau qhov chaw hluav taws xob suav nrog cov hluav taws xob ntawm lub teeb yoj.
Dab tsi yog cov delocalized electrons uas nyob ib puag ncig hlau cations hu ua?
Metallic Bond Ib daim ntawv cog lus hlau yog qhov kev nyiam ntawm cov hlau nyob ruaj ruaj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nyob ib puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv ib lub hlau, cov hlau cations nyob ruaj ruaj nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm lub hiav txwv ntawm mobile valence electrons uas tsis cuam tshuam nrog ib qho cation.
Vim li cas electrons delocalized hauv hlau?
Cov hlau zoo li muaj cov ntsiab lus melting siab thiab cov ntsiab lus kub kub qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov atoms. … Cov hluav taws xob tuaj yeem txav tau yooj yim nyob rau hauv cov molecular orbitals, thiab yog li txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob yuav raug cais tawm ntawm nws niam txiv atom. Cov electrons tau hais tias yog delocalized.
