Nws los ntawm Latin verb opprobrare, uas txhais tau tias "raug thuam." Cov lus qhia ntawd dhau los ntawm lub npe probrum, lub ntsiab lus "kev ua phem lossis "kev thuam." Cov no tau muab rau peb "opprobrium"
(transitive) Yuav khoov rov qab (lub teeb, thiab lwm yam) (hloov pauv) Daim iav, lossis qhia cov duab ntawm ib yam dab tsi. … (intransitive) Kom mirrored . Puas yog qhov kev xav lossis kev qhia? noun kev ua ntawm kev xav, xws li hauv kev xa rov qab lub teeb lossis cua sov, tsom iav, lossis muab rov qab lossis nthuav tawm duab;
verb (used with object), dev·as·tat·ed, dev·as·tat·ing. muab pov tseg; render desolate: Cov invaders puas lub nroog. kom dhau mus, ib yam li kev tu siab lossis kev ntxhov siab: Peb raug kev puas tsuaj los ntawm cov xov xwm no thiab tu siab heev los ntawm kev poob peb tus phooj ywg.
